Is diabetes transferable from husband to wife?
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental
Medicine raises the possibility that type 2 diabetes is contagious and spreads
from person to person.
Diabetes
Type 2
The pancreas generates insulin, a hormone, to transfer
glucose (also called blood sugar) into energy. Individuals with diabetes
frequently need to monitor their blood sugar levels and administer insulin
injections into their bodies on a regular basis because they can't make enough
insulin or their bodies don't respond to it. Type 2 diabetes–the most prevalent
kind of diabetes, is also termed adult-onset diabetes, which indicates it was
acquired.
Type 2 diabetes affects more than 420 million people
globally, and the causes are still mostly understood. It has been connected to
being overweight and/or consuming excessive amounts of glucose, but not
everyone who is overweight and consuming excessive amounts of sugar develops
the disease.
According to a recent study by scientists at the University
of Houston, type 2 diabetes is related to a class of contagious
neurodegenerative disorders known as "prion diseases."
Type 2 diabetes and a class of transmissible
neurodegenerative disorders known as "prion diseases" are comparable,
according to a recent research study carried out at the University of Houston.
The link between "Mad Cow" and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
The most well-known proton diseases, often referred to as
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), are the so-called "mad
cow disease" and its human analog, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
It has been estimated that up to 80% of individuals with
type 2 diabetes also have a buildup of what are known as "misfolded islet
amyloid polypeptide proteins" (IAPP). IAPP cells develop through a process
known as folding, and it is believed that improperly folded IAPP harms the beta
cells in the pancreas, reducing the body's capacity to generate the insulin
required to lower blood sugar levels.
The discovery is important because it supports the theory
that misfolded prion proteins are also responsible for TSEs. The study is far
from conclusive, but if verified, it might alter the way scientists seek a
possible treatment for type 2 diabetes.
The
different diseases that exist
Spontaneous, inherited, and acquired prion disorders are
the three types. Spontaneous diseases develop for no apparent reason and are
called sporadic diseases. We can link a defective gene to inherited prion
disease. An operation, a blood transfusion, or a foodborne sickness can all
cause prion diseases to spread. Human Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and related
disorders are believed to occur almost exclusively sporadically.
The transmission of mad cow disease occurs when healthy cows
consume the tissue of a sick cow. The findings do not point to diabetes being
contagious in the sense of a cold or flu but rather point to the possibility
that blood transfusions, organ transplants, or contaminated food could spread
the illness.
In the most recent investigation, scientists injected mice's
pancreases with misfolded IAPP. According to the study, type 2 diabetes signs
appeared in mice just a few weeks after IAPP injection. The mice experienced
beta cell loss and elevated blood sugar levels.
When a prion-like mechanism is discovered in IAPP to produce
diabetes, it may be possible for diabetes to be acquired in addition to
hereditary or sporadic. It's also possible that IAPP cells speed up diabetes
progression.
Researchers warn that the findings are preliminary but
speculate that they may pave the way for new lines of inquiry into the origins,
treatments, and prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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